Wednesday, July 26, 2017

Free Ebook IB Mathematics Higher Level Option: Calculus: Oxford IB Diploma ProgramBy Marlene Torres-Skoumal, Palmira Seiler, Lorraine Heinrichs, Jo

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IB Mathematics Higher Level Option: Calculus: Oxford IB Diploma ProgramBy Marlene Torres-Skoumal, Palmira Seiler, Lorraine Heinrichs, Jo

IB Mathematics Higher Level Option: Calculus: Oxford IB Diploma ProgramBy Marlene Torres-Skoumal, Palmira Seiler, Lorraine Heinrichs, Jo


IB Mathematics Higher Level Option: Calculus: Oxford IB Diploma ProgramBy Marlene Torres-Skoumal, Palmira Seiler, Lorraine Heinrichs, Jo


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IB Mathematics Higher Level Option: Calculus: Oxford IB Diploma ProgramBy Marlene Torres-Skoumal, Palmira Seiler, Lorraine Heinrichs, Jo

Written by experienced IB workshop leaders and curriculum developers, this book covers all the course content and essential practice needed for success in the Calculus Option for Higher Level. Enabling a truly IB approach to mathematics, real-world context is thoroughly blended with mathematical applications, supporting deep understanding and instilling confident mathematical thinking skills. Exam support is integrated, building assessment potential. Complete worked solutions included.

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  • Sales Rank: #1149676 in Books
  • Published on: 2014-11-18
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 7.60" h x .40" w x 10.00" l, .91 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 192 pages

About the Author
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Tuesday, July 11, 2017

Ebook Free Every Last Word, by Tamara Ireland Stone

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Every Last Word, by Tamara Ireland Stone

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Every Last Word, by Tamara Ireland Stone


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Every Last Word, by Tamara Ireland Stone

From School Library Journal

Gr 8 Up—Sixteen-year-old Sam spends her summers training at the private club pool, working to earn the county title and a college scholarship. Her school-year counterpart, Samantha, is tied to a toxic group of popular besties-for-life, trying to keep her Purely Obsessional OCD a secret. Running with a crowd who takes hostile notice of every social misstep, every misapplied bit of makeup, and any move that is less than normal, keeping her diagnosis a secret is not easy. Out of the blue, Samantha meets Caroline, who introduces her to a secret society called the Poet's Corner. Slowly, Samantha begins to discover how she can remain Sam and be true to herself outside of summer and the pool, and even trust the cute musician AJ enough to fall in love with him. Just when Sam begins to feel confident in herself, the very thing that helped her feel normal is what ultimately makes her question her sanity. Approached in a very respectful and informative manner, this story of coming to terms with a difficult diagnoses and being less-than-normal is in no way didactic. While the beginning is slow and requires some suspension of disbelief, the climax and resolution are resounding enough to rise above any shadows of doubt. VERDICT While the story's romance falls almost too easily into place, this title will do well in libraries where Sarah Dessen and Stephanie Perkins are in high demand.—Brittany Staszak, St. Charles Public Library, IL

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Review

"Clueless meets Dead Poets Society with a whopping final twist." - Kirkus Reviews "A thoughtful romance with a strong message about self-acceptance, [this] sensitive novel boasts strong characterizations and conflicts that many teens will relate to. Eminently readable." - Booklist "A brilliant and moving story about finding your voice, the power of words, and true friendship. I couldn't put it down " - Elizabeth Eulberg, Author of The Lonely Hearts Club "Brilliant, brave, and beautiful." - Kathleen Caldwell, A Great Good Place for Books "A riveting story of love, true friendship, self-doubt and self-confidence, overcoming obstacles, and truly finding oneself." - Melanie Koss, Professor of Young Adult Literature, Northern Illinois University "Romantic, unpredictable, relatable, and so very enjoyable." - Arnold Shapiro, Oscar- and Emmy-winning Producer "Characters to love and a story to break your heart. Readers will want to turn page after page and read every last word. Then do it all over again." - Marianne Follis, Teen Librarian, Valley Ranch (Irving) Public Library

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Product details

Age Range: 12 - 17 years

Grade Level: 7 - 12

Lexile Measure: HL750L (What's this?)

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Hardcover: 368 pages

Publisher: Disney-Hyperion; 1st Edition edition (June 16, 2015)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 9781484705278

ISBN-13: 978-1484705278

ASIN: 1484705270

Product Dimensions:

5.9 x 1.2 x 8.5 inches

Shipping Weight: 1.2 pounds (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.7 out of 5 stars

466 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#113,026 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

Every Last Word is not only an endearing love story, it is a fascinating peek into the mind of a girl with OCD. I couldn’t put it down!The thoughts Sam had, the secrets she kept, the adjustments she had to make every day of her life were truly a struggle for her, and it was amazing to see her journey through all of it.Her struggle with balancing two very separate and different groups of friends was so true to life. Tamara Ireland Stone captured this aspect of high school perfectly with her incredible writing. Every one of Sam’s emotions were felt and understood completely. Sam’s worry—her wish—to be “normal” was so heartfelt and honest that you wanted to just reach in and give her a hug.And the twists! Truthfully, I had a hunch about what was happening pretty early on, but there were still many surprises that I never saw coming. And my hunch did not affect my enjoyment of the story in any way. In fact, I think it enhanced it!Sam’s relationship with AJ was sweet perfection. I loved how they started on pretty rocky ground, but they worked through it and created a beautiful relationship from it. He loved her just as she was, even when she wasn’t sure how she felt about herself. His unwavering honesty was exactly what she needed.After reading this book, you will forever remember Every. Last. Word.

Before I give this review, I want to acknowledge that Tamara Ireland Stone is an extremely gifted and talented writer. She is a phenomenal storyteller. Like most, I found myself not being able to put this book down. My only criticism of the story is that it was unrealistic, but I guess that's what fiction is all about, yes? Try as I might, I just could not warm up to Samantha, the main character. The more I progressed into the story, the more my dislike for her increased. Long story short, Sam struck me as a spoiled, self-absorbed, pampered sixteen year old who had everything. She always seemed to be on the receiving end of life, giving nothing to others in return. Her chief obsession was...well....herself. It was just all about Sam, her thoughts, her feelings, and we never heard about what she might be doing to other people and how her ways might be affecting them and making their lives difficult. Sam appears to come from a wealthy family. She has a car. She's pretty, popular, and she hangs around other girls who also have money, looks, and popularity. Sam is on the swim team and hopes for a swimming scholarship. She has a mental illness which she is amazingly able to hide from everyone, including her closest friends. This is totally unrealistic. She has a psychiatrist who goes all out for her, even buying her presents and bringing her into her garden at home, covering her with a comforter, and bringing her hot tea to drink during one of her meltdowns. Come on. Is this reality? In real life, mental illness of any kind is bitter, raw, dark, ugly, and lonely. It's something that most people have to go through on their own. They certainly don't have all of the props, comfort, reinforcements, and networks that the main character had. I would have appreciated a book that was a little more realistic when it comes to mental illness and what it is really and truly like for those who struggle with it. In the real world, Sam's support network simply does not exist. You know it as well as I. The grim reality is that one of the reasons why those who suffer from mental illness are suffering so horribly is because most of them are being forced to go through it alone. We live in a world where nobody cares about anybody. Most relationships are shallow and superficial. If you're hurting, you're pretty much going to go through it alone. And yet, here is Sam, driving her expensive car at sixteen, going to top-notch spas, concerts, enjoying the good life, finding a poet's club filled with loving and caring characters that in reality don't exist anywhere except maybe in the Book of Acts, with numerous people to hold her hand, comfort her, and help her to get through. I'm sorry, but when you're dealing with the ugliness of mental illness of any type, I think it's important to paint a more realistic picture of life so that those who do suffer from it can feel like there is hope for them just as there was for Sam.Again, Ms. Stone is an incredible writer. I just feel that this particular story was too unrealistic for a subject as serious and life-threatening as mental illness. Mental illness is a reality for millions. But Sam's upscale life and her incredible reinforcement network is NOT. We need books to be published that will show the main character overcoming mental illness in spite of the fact that he or she does NOT have Sam's unrealistic life and reinforcement network. I think books like this will go a lot farther when it comes to giving others inspiration and hope because it's a reality that they can relate to and connect with.

CharactersSamantha: It might be difficult at first to know whether or not you're supposed to like Samantha. Sure she's the main character, but she's part of the "mean girl" clique at school. Usually we're led to believe that these girls are vain, shallow, and cruel to anyone that is not part of their group. While this may be true in the beginning for some of her friends, Samantha is actually a decent person, albeit one with a dark secret: she suffers from an obsessive disorder that makes life next to unbearable.I found her to be a ridiculously strong character. High school is difficult enough, but with a disorder like this and all the trouble that comes with it, she somehow manages to keep it a secret from her friends. Looking back on it, of course keeping a secret like this is terrible and her friends aren't worth if it they'd treat her badly because of it, but for someone in high school, image can be everything, so I understand how she felt regarding the situation.The Poet's Corner: these characters were all unique in their difficulties, but all brought together by their love of writing. In high school I would have given anything to have the comraderie they seem to share.Antagonist(s)This is sort of a difficult area because there wasn't a clear villain, exactly, though there were some "characters" that added to the difficulty of Samantha's journey.Mean Girls: these are the friends that Samantha has grown up with and fits in with the best, despite some of them being horrible people. They were a little cliche in their meanness, I'll admit. Samantha herself states that she doesn't agree fully with their bullying of other classmates, but she goes along with it out of peer pressure. I can't remember coming across someone in real life that was like Samantha in this instance. The bullies that I dealt with were jerks through and through, but in the story, at least there is hope for some of the girls. Even if they wouldn't turn out like this in real life, at least in fiction we can hope for the best and see it begin to come true.OCD: I am not very familiar with OCD as a realistic disease, so I am not sure to what degree what Samantha suffered is real. It was, however, presented in a overpowering and ever present way that made me believe, for the course of the book, that I could understand how Samantha was feeling, if only for a little bit.ImageryImagery wasn't a part of the novel that I really noticed as anything extraordinary, perhaps because it took place in the real world and it was an everyday sort of place, unlike if it were a fantasy novel. I knew, or at least could hazard a guess, what the place looked like without having to have it painted out for me.Plot/PacingI found the writing to be fairly streamlined. It was a fairly quick read. The prose was catchy enough to be interesting without too much going on, and it left off in good places at the end of chapters so that I wanted to continue.EndingThere was a fairly big surprise for Samantha toward the end that, while devastating, I was at least starting to guess midway through the book. It was an interesting choice for the author to make. In the course of the story I found it plausible, though a bit sad as the person involved in this revelation was a character that I had really felt happy with.SummaryThere are times when this novel can feel a bit dark because of the panic and terror that Samantha feels, but it is well worth the emotional journey that she and you as the reader will undertake.

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Saturday, July 8, 2017

Download Programming Languages: Concepts and Constructs (2nd Edition)By Ravi Sethi

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Programming Languages: Concepts and Constructs (2nd Edition)By Ravi Sethi

Programming Languages: Concepts and Constructs (2nd Edition)By Ravi Sethi


Programming Languages: Concepts and Constructs (2nd Edition)By Ravi Sethi


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Programming Languages: Concepts and Constructs (2nd Edition)By Ravi Sethi

Programming Languages: Concepts and Constructs, Second Edition retains the "character" of the original, emphasizing concepts and how they work together. This classic book has been thoroughly revised to provide readable coverage of the major programming paradigms. Dr. Sethi's treatment of the core concepts of imperative programming in languages like Pascal and C flows smoothly into object-oriented programming in C++ and Smalltalk. The charm of functional languages is illustrated by programs in standard ML and the Scheme dialect of Lisp. Logic programming is introduced using Prolog. Novices, who have been introduced to programming in some language, will learn from this book how related concepts work together while designers and implementers willp be exposed to the major programming paradigms. Example programs from the book are available as source code. These are available by anonymous ftp at ftp://ftp.aw.com/cseng/authors/sethi/pl2e. 0201590654B04062001

  • Sales Rank: #461561 in Books
  • Published on: 1996-01-07
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.30" w x 7.30" l, 2.52 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 624 pages

From the Back Cover

Programming Languages: Concepts and Constructs, Second Edition retains the "character" of the original, emphasizing concepts and how they work together. This classic book has been thoroughly revised to provide readable coverage of the major programming paradigms. Dr. Sethi's treatment of the core concepts of imperative programming in languages like Pascal and C flows smoothly into object-oriented programming in C++ and Smalltalk. The charm of functional languages is illustrated by programs in standard ML and the Scheme dialect of Lisp. Logic programming is introduced using Prolog.

Novices, who have been introduced to programming in some language, will learn from this book how related concepts work together while designers and implementers willp be exposed to the major programming paradigms.

Example programs from the book are available as source code. These are available by anonymous ftp at ftp://ftp.aw.com/cseng/authors/sethi/pl2e.



0201590654B04062001

About the Author

About Ravi Sethi

Ravi Sethi, director of Computing Science Research, has been at AT&T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey since 1976. He has held teaching positions at Pennsylvania State university and the University of Arizona, and has taught at Princeton University and Rutgers. Dr. Sethi is co-author of the "dragon book", Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools and has written numerous articles. His books have been translated in Japanese, German, French, Italian, Spanish, and Korean.



0201590654AB04062001

Excerpt. © Reprinted by permission. All rights reserved.

This book is designed for junior/senior level courses on programming languages. A minimal pre-requisite is an introductory programming course. With supplementary readings, the book can also be used for graduate courses.

What's New in this Edition?

Changes on the language scene and feedback from the use of the book have prompted a thorough revision. Instructors liked the emphasis on concepts, but asked that the concepts be illustrated using fewer languages. Meanwhile, Modula-2 has faded, and C++ has taken off as a language for production programming. Candidates for functional languages now include Standard ML, Haskell, and Miranda.

The new outline has 15 chapters, three more than the first edition. The role of the three new chapters is as follows:

  • Data types like arrays, records, and pointers have a new chapter.
  • Functional programming is introduced using ML in a new chapter.
  • Language summaries appear in a final chapter.

Language description and syntax are now treated early, in Chapter 2.

Organization of this Book

The emphasis is on concepts and how they work together, rather than on language features. Related concepts are therefore covered together, to allow meaningful examples and programming exercises along the way. Just enough of a language is introduced, as needed, for the examples and exercises. Language summaries appear in Chapter 15.

Part I: Introduction

Chapter 1 traces the role and development of programming languages. It introduces the programming paradigms in this book. They include imperative, object-oriented, functional, and logic programming.

Syntax description is treated in Chapter 2, so it can be applied in the rest of the book. The examples in the chapter deal with expressions, since methods for describing the syntax of expressions carry over to the rest of a language.

Part II: Imperative Programming

The imperative family is treated in Chapters 3-5. The term ''imperative'' comes from command or action; the computation model is that of a sequence of actions on an underlying machine.

Chapter 3 deals with control flow. Structured constructs like while statements organize the flow of control so that the unit of programming is a structured statement, instead of an individual assignment. Students in a course that emphasizes imperative programming are usually familiar with Pascal, so this chapter goes beyond assignments and structured statements to consider programming with invariants. The examples deal with basic values, like integers, and arrays.

Chapter 4 deals with data in imperative languages. Data representation facilities such as arrays, records, and pointers, have been stable since Pascal and C appeared. The treatment of these facilities anticipates their use to represent objects in Chapters 6 and 7.

Chapter 5 rounds out the discussion of the core of imperative languages, embodied in a language like Pascal or C. Among the topics are the distinction between the source text of a procedure and its activations, parameter passing, scope rules, and storage allocation.

This book illustrates imperative programming using Pascal, where possible. Pascal suffices as a vehicle for Chapters 3-5. C is an alternative.

Part III: Object-Oriented Programming

As programs get larger, the natural unit of programming is a grouping of data and operations. The progression of concepts for such groupings can be described in terms of modules, user-defined types (for example, stacks), and classes (as in object-oriented programming).

Chapter 6 begins with of programming with procedures, modules, and classes. These constructs serve distinct needs and can be used in combination with each other: procedures are needed to implement operations in a module or class; modules can be used to statically partition the source text of a program with classes. Some versions of Pascal support modules; they can be used for the first half of Chapter 6 as well. C++, an extension of C, is introduced in Chapter 6.

The model of computation in Chapter 7 is that of independent objects. The objects interact by sending messages to each other. The first third of the chapter introduces object-oriented programming in general, using a running example that has similar implementations in C++ and Smalltalk. The rest of the chapter has independent coverage of C++ and Smalltalk, so either one can be used to explore object-oriented programming. Based on feedback from instructors, this edition covers C++ before Smalltalk, inverting the order in the previous edition. Object-oriented programming is illustrated using both C++ and Smalltalk, since the two represent different approaches.

All of the concepts in Chapters 3 - 7 can be illustrated using C++. Students can be introduced directly to C++, without going through C.

Part IV: Functional Programming

Functional programming is worth studying as a programming style in its own right; as a setting for studying concepts such as types; and as a technique for language description. The emphasis in Chapter 8 is on concepts, in Chapters 9 and 10 on programming style, and in Chapter 13 on language description. The computational model is based on an expression interpreter; an expression consists of a function applied to subexpressions.

The emphasis in Chapter 8 is on concepts. The simplicity of functional languages makes them convenient for introducing concepts such as values, types, names, and functions. The simplicity results from the emphasis on expressions and values, independent of the underlying machine. The chapter treads ground common to functional languages, using ML as the working language.

The fundamental difference between ML and Lisp is that ML is typed; the influence of types permeates the language. Chapter 9 uses ML to illustrate the use of functions and datatypes. As first-class citizens, functions have the same status as any other values in functional programming. This first-class status permits the creation of powerful operations on collections of data.

Functional programming originated with Lisp. Programs and data are both represented by lists in Lisp; the name is a contraction of ''List Processor.'' The uniform use of lists makes Lisp eminently extensible. Chapter 10 explores the use of lists, using the Scheme dialect of Lisp.

See also Chapter 13, which contains an interpreter for a small subset of Scheme, and Chapter 14, which covers the lambda calculus.

Part V: Other Paradigms

Logic programming goes hand in hand with Prolog, in Chapter 11. Logic programming deals with relations rather than functions. Where it fits, programs are concise, consisting of facts and rules. The languages uses the facts and rules to deduce responses to queries.

Concurrent programming is illustrated using Ada, in Chapter 12. An alternative approach would have been to cover concurrent programming after object-oriented programming. Processes can be formed by giving each object its own thread of computation. The present organization puts functional programming before concurrent programming.

Part VI: Language Description

The methods for language description in Chapter 13 are aimed at specialists. The methods range from attributes used for language translation, to logical rules for used type inference, to interpreters used for clarifying subtle language questions.

A language can be described by writing a definitional interpreter for it, so called because its purpose is to define the interpreted language; efficiency is not a concern. McCarthy's & original definitional interpreter for Lisp in Lisp remains important for language description, so language description is illustrated using the Scheme dialect of Lisp. Chapter 13 develops an interpreter for a small subset of Scheme.

The lambda calculus is the intellectual ancestor of functional languages. The small syntax of the lambda calculus has also led to its use as a vehicle for studying languages. Variants of the lambda calculus are introduced in Chapter 14. The chapter progresses from the pure untyped lambda calculus to typed lambda calculi.

Chapter 15 contains brief summaries of the languages in this book.

Acknowledgments From the First Edition

A graduate seminar at Rutgers University gave me both the opportunity and the incentive to collect material on programming languages. I'd like to thank Alex Borgida, Martin Carroll, Fritz Henglein, Naftaly Minsky, Bob Paige, and Barbara Ryder for keeping the seminar lively.

An undergraduate course at Harvard University used an early draft of this book. Written comments by the students in the course were very helpful.

The organization of this book has benefited greatly from the comments and especially the criticism of the then anonymous reviewers contacted by Addison-Wesley. They are Tom Cheatham, Harvard University, John Crenshaw, Western Kentucky University, Paul Hilfinger, University of California, Berkeley, Barry Kurtz, New Mexico State University, Robert Noonan, College of William and Mary, Ron Olsson, University of California, Davis, William Pervin, University of Texas at Dallas, Paul Reynolds, University of Virginia, David Schmidt, Kansas State University, and Laurie Werth, University of Texas at Austin.

For all their technical help, I am grateful to Al Aho, Jon Bentley, Gerard Berry, Eric Cooper, Bruce Duba, Tom Duncan, Rich Drechsler, Peggy Ellis, Charlie Fischer, Dan Friedman, Georges Gonthier, Bob Harper, Mike Harrison, Bruce Hillyer, Brian Kernighan, Kim King, Chandra Kintala, Dave MacQueen, Dianne Maki, Doug McIlroy, John Mitchell, Mike O'Donnell, Dennis Ritchie, Bjarne Stroustrup, Chris Van Wyk, and Carl Woolf.

This book on programming languages was produced with the help of a number of little languages. The diagrams were drawn using Brian Kernighan's Pic language; the grey-tones in the diagrams rely on the work of Rich Drechsler. The tables were laid out using Mike Lesk's Tbl program. Eqn, Lorinda Cherry and Brian Kernighan's language for typesetting mathematics, handled the pseudo-code as well. The Troff program was originally written by the late Joe Ossanna and is kept vital by Brian Kernighan. Page layout would have suffered without a new Troff macro package and post-processor by Brian Kernighan and Chris Van Wyk. The indexing programs were supplied by Jon Bentley and Brian Kernighan. Cross references were managed using scripts written with the help of Al Aho for managing the text of the ''dragon'' book.

Finally, I'd like to thank AT&T Bell Laboratories for its support. I have learnt more from my colleagues here than they might suspect. Whenever a question occurred, someone in the building always seemed to have the answer.

Acknowledgments

I really appreciate the comments I have received on the first edition. The experience of instructors and the frank opinions of reviewers have guided the revision.

Debbie Lafferty of Addison-Wesley has been the voice on the phone through the months, coordinating reviews and credits, and generally keeping the project on track. I now know that the reviewers include Bill Appelbe, Michael Barnett, Manuel E. Bermudez, Ray Ford, Aditya P. Mathur, L. A. Oldroyd, and Hamilton Richards -- thanks.

For technical help and discussions, I am grateful to Jon Bentley, Lorinda Cherry, Brian Kernighan, Dave MacQueen, Jon Riecke, and Rich Wolf. My colleagues at AT&T Bell Laboratories have been greatly supportive.

A lot has happened while I have been immersed in the Book, including a death, a birth, a move, a fire. Dianne Maki has helped me navigate through it all.

RS

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